Be it enacted by the Parliament in the twenty first year of the reign of His Majesty King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev.

1. Short title and commencement:
(1) This Act may be called the Motor Vehicles and Transport Management Act, 1993. (2) It shall come into force immediately.

2. Definitions: In this Act, unless the subject or the context otherwise requires,-
(a) “motor vehicle” means any mechanically propelled vehicle plying on the road;
(b) “motor vehicle weight” means the total weight of a motor vehicle; Explanation: “total weight” means such gross laden weight of a motor vehicle as mentioned in the motor vehicle registration certificate including the engine, chassis, other parts and equipment of such a motor vehicle.
(c) “heavy motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle referred to in Section 3;

(d) “medium motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle referred to in Section 4;
(e) “light motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle referred to in Section 5;
(f) “public motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle used in the transport service;
(g) “transport service” means the transportation by a public motor vehicle of passengers or goods from one place to another in consideration of fares;
(h) “fares” means sums or charges receivable by a public motor vehicle for the provision of the transport service;

(i) “tourist motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle referred to in Section 7;
(j) “private motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle referred to in Section 8;
(k) “government motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle referred to in Section 9;
(l) “corporation motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle referred to in Section 10;
(m) “motor vehicle with diplomatic facility” means a motor vehicle referred to in Section 11;
(n) “passenger” means a person who travels by a public motor vehicle;
(o) “cargo” means livestock, birds and any non-living things carried by a public motor vehicle, except a human being;
(p) “passenger motor vehicle” means a public motor vehicle providing the transport service to passengers;
(q) “cargo motor vehicle” means a public motor vehicle used in the transportation of goods;
(r) “registration certificate” means the motor vehicle registration certificate issued upon the registration of a motor vehicle pursuant to Section 16;
(s) “driver” means a person who has obtained the motor vehicle driving license;
(t) “driving license” means the motor vehicle driving license issued by the competent authority pursuant to Section 50;
(u) “conductor” means a person who has obtained the conductor’s license pursuant to Section 67 and this term includes other checker and helper who work in the motor vehicle;
(v) “security personnel” means an employee who is responsible for the security of passengers, goods and motor vehicles.

(w) “public place” means a public road, belt, street, river, bridge, path or a place where general public make movement and stay, and this term includes any place specified for the getting on and getting off motor vehicles by passengers or parking motor vehicles;
(x) “parking place” means a place specified for parking motor vehicles;
(y) “bus stop” means a place specified for passengers to get on and get off passenger public motor vehicles for the purpose of making a journey;
(z) “route” means a road specified for plying public motor vehicles;
(aa) “long route” means a route with a distance of two hundred fifty kilometers or more from a point of departure for a journey to that of destination;
(ab) “medium route” means a route with a distance of more than one hundred kilometers but less than two hundred fifty kilometers from a point of departure for a journey to that of destination;
(ac) “short route” means a route with a distance of twenty five to one hundred kilometers from a point of departure for a journey to that of destination;
(ad) “local route” means a route with a distance of less than twenty five kilometers from a point of departure for a journey to that of destination;

(ae) “route permit” means the permit obtained pursuant to Section 77 to ply a motor vehicle on the approved route;
(af) “test certificate” means a certificate issued upon testing the mechanical condition of a public motor vehicle;
(ag) “insurance” means the insurance required to be procured by a motor vehicle owner or manager in relation to the motor vehicles, passengers, goods, drivers, conductors, security personnel, other employees working on the motor vehicles and the third parties, and this term includes a comprehensive insurance policy to be made in that respect;

(ah) “owner of motor vehicle” means a person, firm, company or other corporate body who is specified as the owner of a motor vehicle in the motor vehicle registration certificate;
(ai) “manager” means a person who is responsible for the systematic operation of a public motor vehicle engaged in the registered transportation service;
(aj) “passenger baggage” means the personal belongings of a passenger which are taken by him or her on a journey;
(ak) “traffic signs” means all information, signals or signs given by the police or one driver to another, and this term includes all notices, signals or marking posted or placed or installed, in written or symbolic forms, for the guidance or direction of motor vehicles;
(al) “pollution” means sound and noise pollution emitted from a motor vehicle;
(am) “Department” means the Government of Nepal, Ministry of Labor and Transport Management, Department of Transport Management;
(an) “competent authority” means the chief of the Transport Management Office;

(ao) “management committee” means the transport management committee formed pursuant to Section 154;
(ap) “examination committee” means the examination committee formed pursuant to Section 156;
(aq) “transport inspector” means person appointed pursuant to Section 157;
(ar) “training center” means a motor vehicle training center recognized by the Department pursuant to Section 159;
(as) “area” means such an area specified as to fall under the territorial jurisdiction of the Transport Management Office; and
(at) “prescribed” or “as prescribed” means prescribed or as prescribed by this Act or the Rules framed hereunder or a notified order issued by a notification in the Nepal Gazette.

3. Heavy motor vehicle: A motor vehicle set forth in Clause (a) of Schedule-1 and of which weight is more than ten tons shall be called as a heavy motor vehicle.

4. Medium motor vehicle: A motor vehicle set forth in Clause (b) of Schedule-1 and of which weight is more than four tons and less than ten tons shall be called as a medium motor vehicle.

5. Light motor vehicle: A motor vehicle set forth in Clause (c) of Schedule-1 and of which weight is less than four tons shall be called as a light motor vehicle.

6. Public motor vehicle:
(1) A motor vehicle having obtained the certificate of registration to operate the transport service shall be called as a public motor vehicle.
(2) The public motor vehicles shall be divided into two types namely the passenger motor vehicles and the cargo motor vehicles.
(3) The passenger public motor vehicles shall be divided into day and night services and categorized into the following classes and be given the license to operate the transport service: (a) Direct service; (b) Express service; and (c) Local service.
(4) The standards, speed and other necessary provisions of the public motor vehicles divided pursuant to Sub-section (3) shall be as prescribed.
(5) For the identity of a public motor vehicle, the vehicle shall have such a number plate on its front and rear side as set forth in Clause (a) of Schedule-2.

7. Tourist motor vehicle: (1) A public motor vehicle having obtained the certificate of registration to provide the transport service to foreign tourists shall be called as a tourist motor vehicle. (2) For the identity of a tourist motor vehicle, the vehicle shall have such a number plate on its front and rear side as set forth in Clause (b) of Schedule-2.

8. Private motor vehicle: (1) A motor vehicle having obtained the certificate of registration for private use shall be called as a private motor vehicle. (2) No private motor vehicle shall be used for the transport service. (3) For the identity of a private motor vehicle, the vehicle shall have such a number plate on its front and rear side as set forth in Clause (c) of Schedule-2.

9. Government motor vehicle: (1) A motor vehicle registered in the name of any government office and owned by the Government of Nepal and having obtained the certificate of registration shall be called as a government motor vehicle. (2) For the identity of a government motor vehicle, the vehicle shall have such a number plate on its front and rear side as set forth in Clause (d) of Schedule-2.

10. Corporation motor vehicle: (1) A motor vehicle registered in the name of anybody corporate fully, mostly or partly owned by the Government of Nepal and having obtained the certificate of registration shall be called as a corporation motor vehicle. (2) For the identity of a corporation motor vehicle, the vehicle shall have such a number plate on its front and rear side as set forth in Clause (e) of Schedule-2.

11. Motor vehicle with diplomatic facility: (1) A motor vehicle registered in the name of any diplomatic mission or office, plan, body or person enjoying diplomatic facility and having obtained the certificate of registration shall be called as a motor vehicle with diplomatic facility. (2) For the identity of a motor vehicle with diplomatic facility, the vehicle shall have such a number plate on its front and rear side as set forth in Clause (f) of Schedule-2.

12. Prohibition on use for other purpose: (1) A motor vehicle which has been registered for any one purpose shall not be used for any other purpose. (2) A motor vehicle which has been provided with a facility of customs duty exemption shall not be used for any purpose other than that for which the customs duty exemption has been granted.

13. Entry to be registered: (1) A person, firm or company importing a motor vehicle from abroad shall make an application to the police office situated in the place of entry of such a motor vehicle into Nepal for the registration of entry of such a motor vehicle.

(2) If an application is made for the registration of entry pursuant to Sub-section (1), the police office shall, upon examining the evidence of purchase of such a motor vehicle and the related documents, register the entry of such a motor vehicle for fifteen days and give a certificate of the entry registration to the person, firm or company having imported such a motor vehicle, and send the description of such a motor vehicle to the concerned Transport Management Office promptly.

14. Motor vehicle to be registered: (1) A person, firm or company purchasing a motor vehicle or importing it from abroad or an agent selling or distributing a motor vehicle shall get the motor vehicle registered with the competent authority no later than fifteen days after the date of bringing it into Nepal upon paying customs duty. (2) No one shall ply or cause to be plied any motor vehicle without getting it registered pursuant to Sub-section (1).

15. Application to be made for the registration of motor vehicle: (1) If a motor vehicle is required to be registered pursuant to Section 14, a person, firm or company or agent who has purchased the motor vehicle shall, where such a motor vehicle has been purchased within Nepal, make an application, accompanied by the evidence of such purchase, and a person, firm or company or agent who has imported such a motor vehicle from abroad shall, where such a motor vehicle has been imported from aboard, make an application, accompanied by the evidence of payment of customs duty of that motor vehicle, and other related documents, to the competent authority in the prescribed format and accompanied by the prescribed fees. Provided that, no registration fee shall be levied for the registration of a motor vehicle with diplomatic facility.

(2) A person who makes an application pursuant to Sub-section (1) shall attach with the application a certified copy of the certificate ofcitizenship of Nepal and his or her three passport size photographs recently taken.

(3) In the case of a governmental motor vehicle, the application shall also be accompanied by a letter of the governmental office in whose name the motor vehicle is going to be registered, and in the case of a motor vehicle with diplomatic facility, it shall also be accompanied by a recommendation letter of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Government of Nepal. If a motor vehicle with diplomatic facility is to be registered in the name of any person, such a person shall attach a copy of his or her passport or citizenship and three passport size photographs.

(4) If a foreign citizen who carries on any business and transaction within the State of Nepal intends to get any motor vehicle registered for his or her personal use, a recommendation letter of the concerned diplomatic mission shall also be attached, in addition to the matters set forth in Subsections (1) and (2).

(5) If a motor vehicle is required to be registered in the name of a minor, his or her guardian shall, on his or her behalf, make an application, accompanied by three passport size photographs each of the minor and the guardian and a certified copy of citizenship.

16. Motor vehicle registration certificate: (1) If an application is made for the registration of any motor vehicle pursuant to Section 15, the competent authority shall make necessary inquiry into the matter, register such a motor vehicle in the name of the applicant and issue the registration certificate in the form as referred to in Schedule-3. Provided that, any motor vehicle with more than fourteen seats and with gross weight of four tons or more shall not be registered as a private motor vehicle except in the name of a national or international organization

established with social, religious, benevolent and educational purpose or a body corporate established under the laws in force.
(2) In registering a motor vehicle in the name of a minor, the motor vehicle registration certificate shall also contain the guardian’s name and be signed by the guardian, as well. (3) The registration certificate shall contain the total laden weight of a motor vehicle as specified in the technical specification of the motor vehicle issued by its manufacturer as the weight of that motor vehicle; and in so specifying the weight of the motor vehicle, the unladen weight and the laden weight must be separately and clearly specified. (4) The registration certificate shall remain valid for a period of one year after the date of its issuance.

17. Road worthiness certificate to be issued: (1) Prior to registering any motor vehicle pursuant to Section 16, the competent authority shall, subject to the criteria prescribed pursuant to Section 23, examine such a motor vehicle as to whether it is in good condition that it can be plied and register such a motor vehicle only when it is in good condition that it can be plied and issue the certificate of registration. In so issuing the certificate of registration, the certificate of road worthiness of such a motor vehicle shall also be issued to the owner of such a motor vehicle. (2) The road worthiness certificate issued pursuant to Sub-section (1) shall have to be affixed on the motor vehicle.

18. Joint registration: If an application is made by two or more persons to the competent authority pursuant to Section 15 for the joint registration of any motor vehicle, the competent authority shall make necessary inquiry into the matter, register such a motor vehicle jointly in the names of these persons and issue the registration certificate as referred to in Section 16 to them.

19. Provisional registration: Any motor vehicle may be registered provisionally in the following circumstance: (a) if there exists a reasonable reason for the failure of the importer of the motor vehicle to appear to get the motor vehicle registered within the time limit within which it is required to be registered; (b) if it is not possible to immediately produce the imported motor vehicle for registration due to defects in the engine, chassis or any other spare parts of the motor vehicle; or (c) if it is not possible to immediately register the motor vehicle due to the arising of an insurance claim dispute with the manufacturer company or sales agent of the motor vehicle or insurance company owing to the occurrence of the condition set forth in Clause (b).

20. Application for provisional registration: (1) If there occurs any circumstance set forth in Section 19, the importer of a motor vehicle or his or her nearest heir in his or her absence shall make an application, accompanied by the evidence of payment of customs duty of the motor vehicle and other relevant documents, in the prescribed format, along with the prescribed fees, to the competent authority for the provisional registration of the motor vehicle in the name of its importer. (2) In making an application pursuant to Sub-section (1), the applicant shall also attach a certified copy of the certificate of citizenship of Nepal and three copies of recently taken photograph of the person in whose name the motor vehicle is to be registered provisionally.

21. Provisional registration certificate: (1) If any person makes an application for the provisional registration of any motor vehicle pursuant to Section 20, the competent authority shall inquire into whether the motor vehicle can be registered provisionally pursuant to Section 19, register such a motor vehicle provisionally and issue the provisional registration certificate in the form as referred to in Schedule-4.

(2) The provisional registration certificate shall also specify that the word provisional is also to be set down in the number plate of that motor vehicle. (3) The provisional registration certificate may be so issued that it remains valid for a maximum period of six months at one time or at several times.

22.
Motor vehicle to be produced: In making application for the registration of a motor vehicle pursuant to Section 13, 15 or 20, for the transmission of ownership of motor vehicle pursuant to Section 37 and for the alteration in any matter of motor vehicle pursuant to Section 39, the person, firm or company making such an application shall also produce the motor vehicle intended to be so registered, transmitted or altered in any respect.

23. Power to specify criteria for examination of motor vehicles: (1) The Government of Nepal may determine and prescribe necessary criteria on the following matters in order to examine and ascertain whether a motor vehicle is capable of being plied: (a) Mechanical condition of the motor vehicle. (b) Length, breadth, height, structure and body of the motor vehicle. (c) Pollution likely to be generated from the motor vehicle. (d) Period during which the motor vehicle can be plied. (2) In issuing the road worthiness certificate after examining whether a motor vehicle is capable of being plied or issuing the test certificate, the competent authority shall make examination subject to the criteria prescribed pursuant to Sub-section (1).

24. Power to refuse to register motor vehicle: (1) If an application is made for the registration of a motor vehicle, and if upon examining, subject to the criteria as specified in Section 23, whether the motor vehicle is capable of being plied, the competent authority considers that such a motor vehicle is not capable of being plied, the competent authority may refuse to register such a motor vehicle.

(2) If it is refused to register any motor vehicle pursuant to Subsection (1), the competent authority shall give a notice thereof, accompanied by the reason for such refusal, to the applicant.

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in Sub-sections (1) and (2), if the Department is of the opinion that it is reasonable to stop the registration of any type of motor vehicle to be made under Section 14 for public interest owing to environmental pollution, traffic load, condition of roads, difficulty with vehicular movement or similar other reasons, it may issue an order to any or all Transport Management Offices to stop the registration of such a motor vehicle.

25. Validity of registration: (1) A motor vehicle registered in any one region pursuant to this Act may also be plied in another region.

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in Sub-section (1), a motor vehicle registered in any one region shall not be allowed to be plied in another region for more than one year consecutively or at several times. Provided that, this restriction shall not apply to a governmental motor vehicle, corporation motor vehicle, motor vehicle with diplomatic facility and motor vehicle with route permit.

26. Information to be given: (1) If a motor vehicle registered in one region enters another region, the owner or driver of the motor vehicle, as the case may be, shall give information thereof to the nearby police office no later than twenty four hours of such entry. (2) If it is required to ply a motor vehicle having entered pursuant to Sub-section (1) for more than thirty days in that region, the owner or driver of the motor vehicle, as the case may be, shall have to obtain permission from the competent authority no later than seven days of the entry into that region.

27. Transfer registration: (1) If it is required to ply a motor vehicle in a region other than the region in which it has been registered for more than the period as set forth in Sub-section (2) of Section 25, the owner of the motor vehicle shall make an application, accompanied by the registration certificate, three recently taken passport size photographs of him or her and prescribed fees, to the competent authority for the registration of transfer. (2) If an application referred to in Sub-section (1) is made and the competent authority, upon making examination of such a motor vehicle subject to the criteria specified pursuant to Section 23, considers it appropriate to make transfer registration, the competent authority shall register the transfer of that motor vehicle and give the registration certificate to the owner of that vehicle.

28. Records of motor vehicle to be maintained: The competent authority shall cause the details of each motor vehicle registered pursuant to this Act, including the name and address of owner, date of registration, and registration number, of the motor vehicle, name of motor vehicle manufacturer, model, year, engine number, chassis number, type and weight of the motor vehicle to be clearly mentioned in the register and maintain records of motor vehicles in an updated manner. The photograph of the owner of the motor vehicle must also be affixed on the concerned page of such a register.

29. Prohibition on plying foreign motor vehicle without obtaining permission: No motor vehicle registered abroad shall be plied within the State of Nepal without obtaining permission pursuant to the laws in force.

30. Permission to ply foreign motor vehicle: If an application is made for permission to ply a motor vehicle registered abroad within the State of Nepal, the competent authority may, upon collection of the prescribed fees, give permission to ply that motor vehicle for a period not exceeding one month. Provided that, such a motor vehicle must not be permitted to operate the transport service within the State of Nepal.

31. Renewal of registration certificate: (1) The registration certificate shall have to be got renewed within three months of the expiration of the time limit set forth in the registration certificate pursuant to Sub-section (4) of Section 16.

(2) The owner of a motor vehicle or a person deputed by him or her shall have to submit the registration certificate, accompanied by the prescribed fees, to the competent authority for the renewal of the registration certificate pursuant to Sub-section (1). Provided that, no fee shall be charged for the renewal of the registration certificate of a motor vehicle with diplomatic facility. (3) If the registration certificate is submitted for renewal pursuant to Sub-section

(2), the competent authority shall have to renew such a registration certificate for other one year.

(4) If the owner of a motor vehicle shows up for the renewal of the registration certificate after the expiration of the time limit referred to in Subsection (1), such a registration certificate shall have to be renewed by collecting from such an owner one hundred percent fees until one year of the expiration of the time limit, two hundred percent fees until two years, three hundred percent fees until three years, four hundred percent fees until four years and five hundred percent fees until five years, in addition to the renewal fees.

32. Power of the competent authority to notify: If the registration certificate of a motor vehicle with diplomatic facility is not submitted for renewal within the period as referred to in Sub-section (1) of Section 31, the competent authority may notify the concerned diplomatic mission, office or person, through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to get renewed the registration certificate of such a motor vehicle.

33. Special provision relating to renewal: Notwithstanding anything contained in Sub-section (3) of Section 31, if the owner of a governmental motor vehicle, corporation motor vehicle, motor vehicle with diplomatic facility and private motor vehicle intends to get the registration certificate of his or her motor vehicle renewed for five years at a time and submits the registration certificate, accompanied by the renewal fees chargeable for five years, the competent authority may renew such a registration certificate for five years at a time.

34. Ipso facto revocation of registration certificate: (1) A registration certificate which has not been renewed even within the period as referred to in Sub-section (4) of Section 31 shall ipso facto be revoked. (2) The records of the motor vehicle of which registration certificate has been revoked pursuant to Sub-section (1) shall be crossed off the register. (3) The registration certificate of which records have already been crossed off the register pursuant to Sub-section (2) shall not be renewed.

35. Eligibility for re-registration: If a motor vehicle of which registration certificate has been revoked and records crossed off pursuant to Section 34 is produced for re-registration, such a motor vehicle shall be registered pursuant to Section 16 and another registration certificate shall be given to the motor vehicle owner, by collecting the renewal fees due to be collected pursuant to Section 31 and additional fees as well as a fine that is two-fold of the additional fees referred to in Sub-section (4) of Section 31 for the years after which it has been produced for registration.

36. Information of change in address of motor vehicle owner to be given: (1) In the event of a change in the address of the owner of any motor vehicle registered pursuant to this Act, information thereof, accompanied also by the registration certificate, shall have to be given to the competent authority within one month. (2) Upon receipt of the information as referred to in Sub-section (1), the competent authority shall mention the new address in the registration certificate and also make necessary correction in the register.

37. Transmission of motor vehicle: (1) If the owner of a motor vehicle registered pursuant to this Act transfers his or her ownership in that vehicle to any other person by way of gift or sale or otherwise, the owner shall have to make an application in the prescribed format, accompanied also by the registration certificate and a proof of payment of the motor vehicle tax, to the competent authority for the transmission of that motor vehicle, no later than fifteen days.

(2) The heir whom the ownership in a motor vehicle has to be transmitted to as a consequence of the death of the owner of the motor vehicle shall have to make an application in the prescribed format, accompanied also by an evidence of the death of the owner of the motor vehicle, the registration certificate, a proof of payment of the motor vehicle tax and an evidence proving that he or she is the nearest heir, to the competent authority for the transmission of that motor vehicle, no later than thirty five days after the death of the owner of the motor vehicle.

(3) If an application is made for transmission pursuant to Sub-section (1) or (2), the competent authority shall hold necessary inquiry into the matter and make transmission by indicating the matter of transmission in the registration certificate, and collecting the prescribed fees. Provided that, if an application is made by more than one heir on the equal footing for transmission pursuant to Sub-section (2), the transmission must be made by jointly registering that motor vehicle in the names of all the heirs.

(4) In the event of the transmission of a motor vehicle pursuant to Sub-section (3), the matter that transmission has been made upon the transfer of ownership accordingly must be mentioned in the register. (5) If, in making inquiry in the course of transmitting a motor vehicle pursuant to this Section, the competent authority finds that there is any lawsuit pending as to the title to the motor vehicle, that motor vehicle must not be transmitted to the name of any one pending the final settlement of such a lawsuit.

38. Prohibition on changing registration: Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Act, the registration certificate must not be issued in such a manner as to change the registration of a motor vehicle having obtained the registration certificate upon being registered as a goods motor vehicle into a passenger motor vehicle.

39. Prohibition on alteration without obtaining approval:

(1) The owner of a motor vehicle owner shall not make any such alteration in the motor vehicle as to change its color, number of seats,
structure, engine or chassis, without obtaining approval of the competent authority. Provided that this Sub-section shall not be deemed to prevent the making of a normal change of spare parts in a motor vehicle.

(2) If a request is made for approval to make an alteration pursuant to Sub-section (1), the competent authority shall make necessary inquiry into the matter, and may, if it thinks appropriate to give approval for such an alteration, give such an approval. Provided that, no approval shall be so given as to change the specification made by the motor vehicle manufacturing company in relating to the structure of the motor vehicle.⊗

(2a)⊗ In giving approval for alteration pursuant to Sub-section (2), there shall be charged the fee which is fifty percent of the fees chargeable for the registration of the motor vehicle.

40. Power to suspend registration certificate:

(1) The competent authority may, in any of the following circumstances, issue an order suspending the registration certificate of any motor vehicle for a period not exceeding the following period:

(a) If it appears that the plying of a motor vehicle may cause a loss of or damage to the body or property of the general public because the motor vehicle is out of order, for a period until the motor vehicle is repaired and maintained satisfactorily, and

(b) If the owner of motor vehicle plies the motor vehicle without fulfilling any terms required to be fulfilled under this Act or any order issued by the competent authority subject to this Act or the ambit of Rules framed under this Act, for a period not exceeding six months.

(2) In issuing an order to the owner of motor vehicle, thereby suspending the registration certificate pursuant to Sub-section (1), the competent authority shall also clearly assign the reason for such suspension.

(3) In the event of suspension of the registration certificate pursuant to Sub-section (1), the competent authority shall have to give information thereof to the concerned police office.

(4) In the event of suspension of the registration certificate pursuant to Sub-section (1), the owner of motor vehicle shall have to surrender the registration certificate to the competent authority no later than seven days of the order issued by the competent authority.

(5) The competent authority shall have to return the registration certificate surrendered by the owner of motor vehicle pursuant to Sub-section (4) after the expiration of the period of suspension of the registration certificate. (6) In returning the registration certificate to the owner of motor vehicle pursuant to Sub-section (5), the competent authority shall cause to be clearly specified the period of suspension and the reason for suspension in the registration certificate and the records thereof to be mentioned also in the register.

41. Revocation of registration certificate: (1) If any motor vehicle registered pursuant to this Act is destroyed in any manner or becomes out of order as not being capable of plying or taken outside Nepal permanently, the owner of such a motor vehicle shall have to make an application, in the prescribed format, accompanied by the registration certificate, to the competent authority for crossing off the records of such a motor vehicle no later than thirty days. Provided that, if it is required to take outside Nepal any motor vehicle which is important archaeologically or any spare parts of such a motor vehicle, its owner shall have to obtain prior approval of the competent authority. (2) If an application as referred to in Sub-section (1) is made, the competent authority shall, if the contents are found true upon necessary inquiry made into the matter, revoke such a registration certificate, mention that matter in the register and cross off the record of such a motor vehicle.

42. Remission of renewal fees: If any motor vehicle registered pursuant to this Act is not capable of plying or being plied for a period exceeding one year because of being seized for any reason or being out of order due to an accident or otherwise and the owner of motor vehicle makes an application setting out that matter, accompanied by the registration certificate and an evidence thereof, the competent authority may seize the registration certificate of such a motor vehicle and remit the renewal fees required to be paid by that motor vehicle owner
for a period until the motor vehicle becomes capable of being plied.

43. Issuance of duplicate copy of registration certificate: (1) If the registration certificate is lost or illegible because of being torn or defaced or is destroyed in any other manner, the owner of motor vehicle shall have to make an application, in the prescribed format, accompanied by the prescribed fees, to the competent authority no later than fifteen days after the date of such loss, illegibility or destroy. (2) If the contents are found correct upon necessary examination made in relation to the application made pursuant to Sub-section (1), the competent authority shall have to issue a duplicate copy of such a registration certificate to the owner of motor vehicle. (3) The competent authority shall give information of the issuance of a duplicate copy of the registration certificate pursuant to Sub-section (2) to the concerned police office.

44. Details to be submitted: (1) Any firm, company or agent who imports motor vehicles from abroad shall have to submit the details of the model, engine number, chassis number of each motor vehicle, the type of and name of manufacturer of such a motor vehicle, and also indicating which of such motor vehicles has been sold to whom and when and how many of the motor vehicles imported by him or her are in stock, to the competent authority each month.

(2) The competent authority may demand any other necessary details and documents relating to the import and sale and distribution of motor vehicles, in addition to the details set forth in Sub-section (1) from any firm, company or agent who imports motor vehicles from abroad. It shall be the duty of such a firm, company or agent to provide the details and documents so demanded immediately.

Chapter-4 Provisions relating to driving license
45. Prohibition on driving motor vehicle: No person shall drive a motor vehicle without obtaining the driving license.

46. Prohibition on allowing motor vehicle to be driven: No person shall allow a motor vehicle which is in his or her ownership or custody to be driven by a person who has not obtained the driving license.

47. Disqualification for driver: The following persons shall be deemed to be disqualified for obtaining the driving license:
(a) A person who has not attained the age of twenty one years in the case of a heavy motor vehicle;
(b) A person who has not attained the age of eighteen years in the case of a medium and light motor vehicle;
Provided that, a person who has attained the age of sixteen years may obtain the driving license in the case of a motorcycle and similar other two-wheel motor vehicle.
(c) A person who is suffering from epilepsy or insanity or a disease of sudden faintness or loss of consciousness;
(d) A person who, being eyesight weak, uses glasses but despite using glasses is not able to see in a normal manner;
(e) A person who is so deaf as not being able to hear normally a horn signal, noise;
(f) A person who so suffers from sight defect as not being able to distinguish red, green, yellow etc. colors;
(g) A person who is suffering from night blindness; or
(h) A person whose hands and legs are powerless and cannot function.
Provided that, the restriction of this Clause shall not apply to a
motor vehicle manufactured specifically for the disabled.

48. Application for the driving license:

(1) If a person who does not suffer from any disqualification as referred to in Section 47 intends to obtain the
driving license to drive any motor vehicle, the person shall have to make an application in the prescribed format to the competent authority.
(2) The applicant shall have to attach with the application as referred to in Sub-section (1) the fees prescribed for the driving license, a certified copy of the citizenship certificate, three copies of the recently taken passport
size photographs of him or her, medical fitness certificate issued by a doctor recognized by the Government of Nepal after conducting his or her medical test and a copy of the certificate issued by a training institute in relation to
the motor vehicle which he or she intends to drive.

49. Test of applicant:

(1) After an application is made pursuant to Section 48, an examination shall be given to ascertain whether the applicant is able to drive such a motor vehicle and whether he or she has general knowledge as to such a motor vehicle or motor vehicle Act, Rules and traffic signals or not.
The contents of the examination so given and the examination system shall be as prescribed by the Department.
(2) An applicant who fails an examination given pursuant to Sub- section (1) shall not be allowed to make application again pursuant to Section 48 until expiration of three months after the date of completion of that examination.

50. Issuance of the driving license:

(1) The competent authority shall, on the recommendation of the committee, issue the driving license, in the format
referred to in Schedule-5, to the applicant who has taken……… ? and been
successful in the examination given pursuant to Section 49.

(2) In issuing a driving license pursuant to Sub-section (1), it shall clearly indicate the authorization to drive which of the heavy, medium or  light motor vehicles or any or all of them.
(3) Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Act, the provisions relating to the driving license to be issued to a driver driving a public motor vehicle shall be as prescribed.

51. Probation period to be undergone:

(1) The driving license to be issued pursuant to Section 50 shall be issued under probation initially for a period
of one year.
(2) If a driver does not commit, within the period of probation, more than five infractions of the conditions required to be observed under this Act or the Rules framed hereunder, the competent authority shall, at the request
of such a driver, convert his or her driving license into a permanent one.

52. Recognition of driving license obtained in foreign country: If any person who has obtained a driving license from a foreign country makes an application pursuant to Section 48 to drive a motor vehicle specified in the
license, the competent authority may issue a driving license to such a person, by collecting the prescribed fees for the driving license.
Provided that, such a person shall not be required to take any examination to obtain the driving license.

53. Automatic recognition of international driving license: Any person who has obtained an international driving license shall be entitled to drive within Nepal all the vehicles which are specified in the license.

54. Validity of driving license:

(1) Any person who has obtained a driving license pursuant to Section 50 shall be entitled to drive only such vehicles as are specified in the license.
(2) Subject to Sub-section (1), the driver shall be entitled to drive such vehicles throughout Nepal.
(3) The driving license shall remain valid for a period of five years from the date of its issue.

55. Endorsement of other types of motor vehicles in driving license:

(1) If any driver wishes to get endorsed any other type of vehicle in the driving license, in addition to those already specified therein, he or she shall make an application, accompanied by the prescribed fees, in the prescribed format,
indicating the type of vehicle desired for endorsement, to the competent authority.
(2) If an application is made pursuant to Sub-section (1), the examination committee shall give examination to him or her in accordance with Section 49 in order to ascertain whether the driver can drive the type of
vehicle intended to be endorsed in the driving license.
(3) If the driver becomes successful in the examination given pursuant to Sub-section (2), the competent authority shall endorse the type of vehicle intended for endorsement in his or her driving license and issue a new
driving license to him or her.
(4) In issuing a driving license pursuant to Sub-section (3) ? , it shall be subject to the condition of probation pursuant to Section 51.

56. Renewal of driving license:

(1) A driving license shall have to be renewed within three months from the date of expiration of the period mentioned in the license pursuant to Sub-section (3) of Section 54.
(2) A driver shall have to submit the driving license, accompanied by the prescribed fees, to the competent authority for the renewal of the driving license ⊗ within the period specified in Sub-section (1).
(3) If a driving license is submitted for its renewal pursuant to Sub- section (2), the competent authority shall renew such a driving license for upto another five years.
(4) If a driving license is submitted for its renewal after the expiration of the period as mentioned in Sub-section (1), the driving license shall be renewed upon collecting from the driver additional fees equal to the amount
thereof if the period of such expiration is within one year, two hundred percent of the amount if within two years, three hundred percent if within three years, four hundred percent if within four years and five hundred
percent if within five years, in addition to the renewal fees.

57. Ipso facto revocation of driving license:

(1) A driving license which is not renewed even until the period specified in Sub-section (4) of Section 56 shall
ipso facto be revoked.
(2) A driving license which is canceled pursuant to Sub-section (1) shall be obliterated from the register.
(3) No driving license which has already been obliterated from the register pursuant to Sub-section (2) shall be renewed.

58. Submission of certificate of fitness at the time of renewal: A driver who drives a public motor vehicle shall, at the time of getting the driving license renewed, also submit a certificate of physical fitness issued by a recognized
medical doctor to the competent authority.

59. Information of change, if any, in the address of driver:

(1) If the permanent address of a driver is changed, the diver shall give information thereof to the competent authority within one month thereof.
(2) Upon receipt of the information pursuant to Sub-section (1), the competent authority shall cause to enter also the new address of the driver in the register.

60. Power to suspend driving license: If it is proved that a driver has violated the terms required to be observed by the driver under this Act or the Rules framed hereunder in more than five occasions, the competent authority may
suspend the driving license of such driver for upto six months.

61. Power to revoke driving license:

(1) If any driver is proved to be under any disqualification mentioned in Section 47, the competent authority mayrevoke the driving license of such a driver and order him or her to surrender the license.
(2) A driver shall have to surrender his or her driving license to the competent authority within seven days of the receipt of the order given under Sub-section (1).

62. Issuance of duplicate copy of driving license:

(1) If the driving license is lost or illegible because of being torn or defaced or is destroyed in any other
manner, the driver shall have to make an application, in the prescribed format, accompanied by the prescribed fees, ⊗ to the competent authority for a duplicate copy of the driving license, no later than seven days after the date
of such loss, illegibility or destroy.
(2) If the contents are found correct upon necessary examination made in relation to the application made pursuant to Sub-section (1), the competent authority shall have to issue a duplicate copy of such a driving license to the
driver.
(3) The competent authority shall give information of the issuance of a duplicate copy of the driving license pursuant to Sub-section (2) to the concerned police office.

Chapter-5 Provisions relating to conductor license
63. Prohibition on working as conductor without obtaining license: No person shall work as a conductor in any public motor vehicle without obtaining a conductor license.

64. Prohibition on engaging as conductor: No owner or manager of a public motor vehicle shall engage any person, who has not obtained a conductor license, as a conductor.

65. Disqualification for conductor: The following person shall be disqualified for obtaining a conductor license:
(a) Who has not attained the age of 18 years;
(b) Who cannot generally read and write;
(c) Who fails to produce a certificate of physical fitness.

66. Application for the conductor license:

(1) If a person who does not suffer from any disqualification as referred to in Section 65 intends to obtain the
conductor license to work as a conductor in a public motor vehicle, the person shall have to make an application in the prescribed format to the competent authority.
(2) The applicant shall have to attach with the application as referred to in Sub-section (1) the fees prescribed for the conductor license, three copies of the recently taken passport size photographs of him or her, a
certified copy of the citizenship certificate, physical fitness certificate issued by a medical doctor recognized by the Government of Nepal.

67. Issuance of conductor license:

(1) Upon receipt of an application made for the conductor license pursuant to Section 66, the competent authority shall hold necessary inquiry into the matter; and, upon such inquiry, if the competent authority finds the information accompanied with the application to be correct, the competent authority shall issue a conductor license to the applicant in the format set forth in Schedule-6. The person who has so obtained the conductor license shall bear the responsibility of properly mobilizing the public motor vehicle involved in the transport service, in
which he or she works.
(2) The conductor license issued pursuant to Sub-section (1) shall remain valid until five years from the date of its issue.

68. Renewal of conductor license:

(1) A conductor license shall have to be renewed within three months from the date of expiration of the period
mentioned in the license pursuant to Sub-section (2) of Section 67.
(2) A conductor shall have to submit the conductor license, accompanied by the prescribed fees, to the competent authority for the renewal of the conductor license within the period specified in Sub-section (1).
(3) If a conductor license is submitted for its renewal pursuant to Sub- section (2), the competent authority shall renew such a conductor license for upto another five years.
(4) If a conductor license is submitted for its renewal after the expiration of the period as mentioned in Sub-section (1), the conductor license shall be renewed upon collecting from the conductor additional fees
equal to the amount thereof if the period of such expiration is within one year, two hundred percent of the amount if within two years, three hundred percent if within three years, four hundred percent if within four years and
five hundred percent if within five years, in addition to the renewal fees.

69. Ipso facto revocation of conductor license:

(1) A conductor license which is not renewed even until the period specified in Sub-section (4) of Section
68 shall ipso facto be revoked.
(2) A conductor license which is revoked pursuant to Sub-section (1) shall be obliterated from the register.
(3) No conductor license which has already been obliterated from the register pursuant to Sub-section (2) shall be renewed.

70. Information of change, if any, in the address of conductor:

(1) If the permanent address of a conductor is changed, the conductor shall give information thereof to the competent authority within one month thereof.
(2) Upon receipt of the information pursuant to Sub-section (1), the competent authority shall cause to enter also the new address of the conductor in the register.

71. Power to suspend conductor license: If it is proved that a conductor has violated the terms required to be observed by the conductor under this Act or the Rules framed hereunder in more than five occasions, the competent
authority may suspend the conductor license of such a conductor for upto six months.

72. Power to revoke conductor license:

(1) If any conductor is proved to be under any disqualification mentioned in Section 65, the competent authority
may revoke the conductor license of such a driver and order him or her to surrender the license.
(2) The driver shall have to surrender his or her driving license to the competent authority within seven days of the receipt of the order given under Sub-section (1).

73. Issuance of duplicate copy of conductor license:

(1) If the conductor license is lost or is destroyed due to any other reason, the conductor shall have to make an application, in the prescribed format, accompanied by the  prescribed fees, ⊗ to the concerned competent authority for a duplicate copy of the conductor license, no later than seven days after the date of such loss  or destroy.
(2) If the contents are found correct upon necessary examination made in relation to the application made pursuant to Sub-section (1), the competent authority shall issue a duplicate copy of such a conductor license to the  conductor.
(3) The competent authority shall give information of the issuance of a duplicate copy of the conductor license pursuant to Sub-section (2) to the concerned police office.

Chapter-6 Transport management
74. Designation of route: The Department shall, whenever deemed necessary,  for the operation of the transport service by public motor vehicles, designate routes and publish a public notice thereof for the information of the general public.

75. Prohibition on operating transport service without obtaining route permit: No public motor vehicle shall operate the transport service on the routes designated pursuant to Section 74 without obtaining the route permit.

76. Application for route permit: If it is necessary for any public motor vehicle to use any route for the operation of transport service, the manager or owner of the motor vehicle shall make an application, in the prescribed format, and accompanied by the prescribed fees, to the competent authority for a route permit.

77. Issuance of route permit:

(1) If an application is made for a route permit pursuant to Section 76, the competent authority shall, subject to the provision of Section 78, issue the route permit in the format referred to in Schedule-7 to use a public motor vehicle on such a route.
(2) The route permit issued pursuant to Sub-section (1) shall remain valid until four months from the date of its issue.

78. Matters to be examined for issuance of route permit: In issuing a route permit to any public motor vehicle pursuant to Section 77, the competent authority shall examine whether the following matters have been satisfied by
the owner or manager of such a public motor vehicle, ? and shall issue the route permit to such a public motor vehicle only if such matters have been satisfied:
(a) Insurance coverage of the driver, conductor, security personnel and other employees engaged in the motor vehicle and third party insurance,
(b) Road test of the motor vehicle, and
(c) Renewal of the registration certificate.

79. In the event of need to change route:

(1) If it is necessary to use a public motor vehicle specified on a route permit on another route prior to the
expiration of the period specified in the route permit, the owner or manager of the motor vehicle shall have to make an application again for the route permit and obtain such a permit pursuant to Section 76.
(2) Upon receipt of an application pursuant to Sub-section (1), the competent authority shall revoke the earlier route permit issued for such a public motor vehicle and issue a new route permit.

80. Power to issue multiple route permit:

(1) Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Act, the competent authority may, without
affecting the operation of transport service by a public motor vehicle on a route, so issue a route permit authorizing the use of that public motor vehicle also on those routes which are contiguous to that route.
(2) In issuing a multiple route permit authorizing the operation of the transport service on more than one route pursuant to Sub-section (1), the owner or manager of the public motor vehicle shall have to pay the routes
fees chargeable for each of such routes.

81. Ad hoc route permit:

(1) If, for some special reason, it is necessary to ply any public motor vehicle on a route other than that mentioned in the route permit, the owner or manager of such public motor vehicle shall make an application, in the prescribed format, accompanied by the prescribed fees, to the competent authority for an ad hoc route permit.
(2) Upon receipt of an application, the competent authority shall hold necessary inquiry into the matter; and, upon such inquiry, if the competent authority finds the information accompanied with the application to be
correct, the competent authority may issue an ad hoc route permit for a period not exceeding seven days.

82. Power to refuse to grant route permit:

(1) Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Act, if the competent authority is of the opinion
that no further issuance of a route permit for the operation of another public motor vehicle on a particular route is desirable in view of the pressure of the flow of passengers and the number of public motor vehicles already plying
on that route to operate such transport service or that, in view of pollution or any other reason, any further issuance of route permit for any public motor  vehicle would be prejudicial to public interest, the authority may, in
consultation with the management committee, ⊗ refuse to issue a route permit.
(2) Bearing in mind the safety of public motor vehicles operating the transport service on a medium route and a long route and of the passengers traveling by such vehicles as well as the employees working therein, the
standards of the public motor vehicles providing the transport service on  such routes shall be as prescribed. The competent authority may refuse to issue a route permit to any public motor vehicle which does not meet the
prescribed standards to operate the transport service on such routes.

83. Renewal of route permit:

(1) A route permit shall have to be renewed within fifteen days ? from the date of expiration of the period mentioned in the route permit pursuant to Sub-section (2) of Section 77.
(2) The owner or manager of a motor vehicle or the person assigned by any of them shall, for the purpose of obtaining the renewal of the route permit, submit an application, in the prescribed format, accompanied by the
prescribed fees, to the competent authority.
(3) Where an application for renewal is made pursuant to Sub-section (2), the competent authority shall renew such a route permit for another four months.
(4) If a route permit is submitted for renewal after the expiration of the period as referred to in Sub-section (1), such a route permit shall be renewed within one month of the expiration of that period, upon payment of
one hundred percent additional fees, in addition to the renewal fees, by the owner of the motor vehicle.

84. Ipso facto revocation of route permit:

(1) A route permit which is not renewed even until the period specified in Sub-section (4) of Section 83 shall
ipso facto be revoked.
(2) A route permit which is revoked pursuant to Sub-section (1) shall be obliterated from the register.
(3) No route permit which has already been obliterated from the register pursuant to Sub-section (2) shall be renewed.

85. Power to re-issuance route permit: If a request for a route permit is received in respect of any public motor vehicle, whose route permit has been revoked and obliterated from the register pursuant to Section 84, another
route permit shall be issued for the operation of such a motor vehicle pursuant to Section 77, by collecting the renewal fees and additional fees required to be collected pursuant to Section 83 from the owner or manager of
such a motor vehicle and realizing a fine of upto two thousand rupees from him or her.

86. Power to suspend route permit:

(1) If any public motor vehicle which has obtained a route permit pursuant to this Act is not capable of being plied for  a period of four months or more because of being out of order due to an accident or otherwise, the owner of that motor vehicle shall have to make an application setting out that matter, accompanied by the route permit, to the
competent authority for the suspension of such a route permit.
(2) Upon receipt of an application as referred to in Sub-section (1), the competent authority may, if he or she deems appropriate after making necessary enquiry into the matter, suspend the route permit of such a public
motor vehicle for the period during which such a motor vehicle cannot be plied.
(2A) ⊗ If the public motor vehicles are not operated on the routes specified in the route permits, thereby obstructing the transport service in a manner to cause adverse impacts on the public life, the Government of Nepal
may suspend the route permits of such motor vehicles for a period not exceeding one month.
(3) The renewal fees for the period of suspension of route permit pursuant to Sub-section (2) shall be remitted.

87. Power to revoke route permit: If any public motor vehicle which has obtained a route permit pursuant to this Act is destroyed or becomes so out of order as not being capable of plying, the owner or manager of such a
motor vehicle shall have to make an application, accompanied by an evidence thereof, to the competent authority for the revocation of the validity of route permit.

88. Issuance of duplicate copy of route permit:

(1) If a route permit is lost or illegible because of being torn or defaced or is destroyed in any other
manner, the owner or manager of motor vehicle shall have to make an application, in the prescribed format, accompanied by the prescribed fees, to the competent authority for a duplicate copy of the route permit, no later than seven days after the date of such loss, illegibility or destroy.
(2) If the contents are found correct upon necessary examination made in relation to the application made pursuant to Sub-section (1), the competent authority shall have to issue a duplicate copy of the route permit to the
applicant.
(3) The competent authority shall give information of the issuance of  a duplicate copy of the route permit pursuant to Sub-section (2) to the concerned police office.

89. Requirement of road test:

(1) In order to obtain a route permit for any public motor vehicle, such a motor vehicle shall have to undergo a road test pursuant to this Act.
(2) No route permit shall be issued for a public motor vehicle unless and until the vehicle undergoes the road test pursuant to Sub-section (1).

90. Application for road test: The owner or manager of a public motor vehiclewho intends to obtain the road test of the vehicle shall have to make an application, in the prescribed format, accompanied by the prescribed fees, to
the competent authority for the road test.

91. Road test certificate to be issued:

(1) If an application is made pursuant to Section 90, the competent authority shall cause to conduct the test of such a
public motor vehicle and shall issue the certificate of road test in the prescribed format if the mechanical condition and features of such a motor vehicle is found to be in order.
(2) The validity of the certificate of road test to be issued pursuant to Sub-section (1) shall be for upto six months.

92. Repetition of road test:

(1) An application has to be made to the competent authority for re-road test no later than seven days of the expiration of the period set forth in Sub-section (2) of Section 91, and such road test has to be
obtained.
(2) In the event of the failure to obtain the re-road test within the period set forth in Sub-section (1), and a request for re-road test of such a motor vehicle is made within thirty five days of the expiration of that period,
the re-road test of such a motor vehicle shall be made by collecting cent percent additional fees, in addition to the fees chargeable for the road test.
(3) In the event of the failure to obtain the re-road test even within the period set forth in Sub-section (2), the certificate of such road test shall ipso facto be revoked. If the public motor vehicle of which the certificate of road
test has been so revoked is produced for re-road test, such a motor vehicle shall be tested again and the certificate of road test issued, by realizing a fine of upto Five Thousand Rupees, in addition to the fees referred to in Sub-
section (2), from the manager or owner of that motor vehicle.

93. Listing the name of transport service:

(1) No owner or manager of a public motor vehicle shall use such a motor vehicle in the operation of
transport service without listing the name of transport service with the Department.
(2) The owner or manager of a motor vehicle who intends to list the  name of transport service with the Department shall submit an application, in the prescribed format, accompanied by the prescribed fees, to the
Department for the listing of such a service.
(3) If the Department thinks it appropriate to list the name of such transport service, upon making necessary inquiry into the application made pursuant to Sub-section (2), it shall issue a license, in the format as referred
to in Schedule-8, to the applicant to operate the transport service in that name. If the owner or manager of motor vehicle who has obtained the license to so operate the transport service intends to close down the operation of
such transport service, he or she shall have to obtain prior approval of the Department.
(4) The license issued pursuant to Sub-section (3) shall remain valid for upto five years from the date of its issue.
(5) The provisions relating to the appointment, conditions of service and facilities of the employees serving in the transport service listed pursuant to this Section shall be as prescribed.

94. Renewal of license to operate transport service:

(1) The license issued for the operation of the transport service has to be renewed within three months
from the date of expiration of the period mentioned in Sub-section (4) of Section 93.
(2) The owner or manager of a motor vehicle or a person assigned by them shall have to make an application, in the prescribed format,  accompanied by the prescribed fees, to the Department for the renewal of
license pursuant to Sub-section (1).
(3) If an application is made for renewal pursuant to Sub-section (2), the Department shall renew such license for another five years.
(4) If an application if made for the renewal of license after the expiration of the period as referred to in Sub-section (1), such a license shall be renewed within one month of the expiration of that period, upon payment
of one hundred percent additional fees, in addition to the renewal fees, by the owner or manager of the motor vehicle.

95. Ipso facto revocation of license to operate transport service:

(1) If a license to operate the transport service is not renewed even until the period specified in Sub-section (4) of Section 94, the license shall ipso facto be revoked.
(2) A license that is revoked pursuant to Sub-section (1) shall be obliterated from the register.
(3) No license that has already been obliterated from the register pursuant to Sub-section (2) shall be renewed.

96. Determination of the rate of fares:

(1) The rate of fares to be collected by a passenger and cargo public motor vehicle operating the transport service on
any route shall be as prescribed.
(2) The maximum weight of accompanied personal luggage of a passenger permitted to be carried free of charge and the maximum weight of additional accompanied personal luggage allowed on payment of fares and
the rate of such fares shall be as prescribed.
(3) No one shall collect fares in excess of the rate of fares determined pursuant to this Section.

97. Prohibition on selling passenger tickets by person without displaying identity card: Any person who is engaged in selling passenger tickets of a public motor vehicle shall not sell passenger tickets in the name of a listed
transport service operating such a public motor vehicle without displaying the identity card of employee of such transport service.

98. Form of passenger ticket:

(1) The form of a passenger ticket of a public motor vehicle shall be as prescribed
(2) A person who sells a passenger ticket pursuant to Sub-section (1) shall affix the seal of the concerned transport service on the ticket.

99. Bills with particulars of goods to be given while carrying goods: In carrying any kinds of goods by a cargo public motor vehicle, it shall have to give a bill of goods carriage, along with the particulars of such goods, to the
owner of goods. The form of the bill to be so given shall be as prescribed.

100. Preparation of passenger manifesto: The manager or owner of motor vehicle operating the transport service on any such medium or long route as may be prescribed by the Department shall have to prepare a passenger
manifesto clearly setting out the names, ages and addresses of all passengers, drivers, security personnel travelling by and other employees serving in his or her motor vehicle. The manager or owner shall have to retain a copy of the
passenger manifesto so prepared with him or her and submit another copy to the competent authority or a person designated by that authority prior to the departure of the motor vehicle to the destination.

101. To deliver passengers and cargo safely:

(1) After accepting the passengers and cargo, it shall be the duty of the owner or manager of a public motor
vehicle to provide safety to the passengers and the cargo from the place of origin to that of destination and to deliver them safely within the specified time.
Provided that, the time for arriving at the destination shall not be fixed in such a manner as to cause inconvenience to the passengers.
(2) It shall be a mandatory obligation of the driver, conductor, security personnel and other employees of a public motor vehicle to pay attention to the comfort of passengers and provide safety to the cargo loaded in the motor
vehicle even if the motor vehicle cannot proceed forward due to its break- down or any force majeure cause.
(3) Even if it is not possible to proceed the motor vehicle forward because of the circumstance set forth in Sub-section (2), the owner or  manager of the vehicle shall make an arrangement to deliver the passengers upto the point of destination.

102. Prohibition on taking passengers in excess of seats: It is prohibited to take in passengers in any passenger public motor vehicle in excess of the number of seats specified in the registration certificate of that vehicle.

103. Recess of journey: A passenger public motor vehicle covering a distance of more than four hours shall halt for half an hour once in every four hours.

104. Shift change of driver: In the case of a passenger public motor vehicle
operating the transport service on a long route, it shall be the duty of the
owner or manager of vehicle operating the transport service to assign
compulsorily at least two drivers in the vehicle and assign the duty to them to
drive it in the shift of every six hours. ?

105. Prohibition on traveling without ticket: A passenger may not travel without holding in person a ticket purchased by paying the fare specified for his or her destination of travel.

106. Information of route map and time table to be given: (1) The competent authority shall cause to be displayed or affixed, for information, at each bus stop a route map indicating the destinations of departures and the time table
of arrivals and departures from that bus stop.
(2) In the event of any change on the route, the route map or the time table displayed or affixed pursuant to Sub-section (1), the competent authority or the person assigned by that authority shall make arrangement to
give information thereof to the passengers immediately.

107. Reservation of seats: (1) It shall be the duty of the owner or manager of a passenger heavy motor vehicle operating the transport service on a local  route to reserve four seats for the disabled and two seats for female
passengers in that vehicle.
(2) It shall be the duty of the owner or manager of a passenger motor vehicle operating the transport service on a long route to reserve two seats for members of parliament disabled and two seats for female passengers in
that vehicle.
Provided that, such reserved seats shall be retained only until four hours prior to the time of departure of that motor vehicle.
(3) No ticket purchased by a member of parliament pursuant to Sub- section (2) may be transferred to any other passenger.

108. Security personnel may be deployed: If the owner or manager operating the passenger public transport service on a medium or long route requests the Government of Nepal to make available the security personnel in the motor
vehicle for the safety of the motor vehicle and the passengers or if the Government of Nepal deems necessary to post the governmental security  personnel in that motor vehicle, it may provide a requisite number of security
personnel on payment of chargeable costs.

109. Prohibition on improper behaviour: No one shall improperly behave with any passenger, driver, conductor and security personnel.

110. Prohibition on smoking in public motor vehicles: Smoking is prohibited in the public motor vehicles.

111. Prohibition on talking with driver: No one shall talk with the driver of a public motor vehicle while such a motor vehicle is in motion or do, or cause to be done, any act which may impede the driver in driving the motor
vehicle.

112. Surrender of goods found: Any employee deputed in a public motor vehicle for the time being shall have to surrender any goods found in the motor vehicle to the manager or owner of motor vehicle within twenty four
hours thereof. The manager or owner of motor vehicle shall then surrender such goods found in the motor vehicle to the competent authority or the nearest transport entrepreneurs’ union office within twenty four hours after
he or she has received such goods.

113. Prohibition on refusing to take in passengers: No public motor vehicle, other than a public motor vehicle operating on a medium or long route or providing an express transport service, shall refuse to take in any passenger
while vacancy of seat exists in the motor vehicle.

114. Special power of the Government of Nepal: Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Act, the Government of Nepal may so order the owner or manager of a public motor vehicle as to engage the motor vehicle
in the operation of transport service in any place for any particular period of time.

Chapter-7 Traffic control
115. Setting the speed of motor vehicle:

(1) If the Department considers necessary to set the speed of driving motor vehicles at any public place, it
may set such speed and prohibit driving motor vehicle in excess of such speed. No motor vehicle shall be driven in excess of the set speed at the place where such speed has been set.
(2) The Department shall cause to be posted or affixed a notice or sign relating to the set speed at a public place where it is prohibited to drive a motor vehicle in excess of the speed set pursuant to Sub-section (1).
(3) The provisions of Sub-section (1) shall not apply to a fire- fighting motor vehicle, ambulance and a motor vehicle used for the purpose of transporting patients.
Provided that, such a motor vehicle shall use a special type of sound and light in order to alert the pedestrians and other motor vehicles on the road.
116. Weight of motor vehicle: The Department may determine the limit of weight of a motor vehicle in respect of any public place. Where the limit of weight of a motor vehicle is so determined, no one shall drive, or cause to be
driven, the motor vehicle in that public place in excess of the limit of weight so determined.
117. Prescription of number of passengers and quantity of goods to be hold in motor vehicle: (1) The Department shall determine the number of passengers and the weight of goods permissible in a public motor vehicle and
publish a notice to that effect for information of the general public.
(2) A public motor vehicle may not carry persons or goods in excessof such number of persons or weight of goods as may be specified pursuant to Sub-section (1).
118. Power to impose restriction on driving motor vehicle: Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Act, the Department may impose restriction on driving any motor vehicle in any public place having regard to
public security and welfare of the general public. Where restriction is so imposed, the Department shall cause to be posted, displayed or affixed a notice thereof at that place.
119. Posting, displaying or affixing traffic signs: (1) The Department shall cause to be posted, displayed or affixed the necessary traffic signs of color, size and model conforming to international practice at such public places as
it may consider necessary.
(2) No one except the Department or a person deputed by the Department shall remove, replace, alter, erase, tear or deface the traffic signs which are posted, displayed or affixed pursuant to Sub-section (1).
120. Observation of traffic signs: (1) A driver shall, while driving a motor vehicle, observe the traffic signs.
(2) The traffic signs required to be observed by a driver shall be as prescribed.
121. Parking place and bus stand to be determined: The competent authority shall, in consultation with the officials of local bodies at the village,municipal and district levels, determine parking places and bus stands,
without causing adverse effects on traffic on the main roads.
122. Parking of motor vehicle dangerously: (1) A motor vehicle must not be parked in a public place in such a manner as to cause danger, obstruction or inconvenience to any other motor vehicle or person.
(2) If a motor vehicle breaks down during the motion and such a motor vehicle cannot be taken to other place immediately, the vehicle must be stationed on the left hand side of the road in order to avoid any accident
and must be guarded by a red lamp or reflector so that it can be visible from distance at night by other motor vehicles.
123. Prohibition on keeping passengers in other part of motor vehicle: A driver or owner or manager of motor vehicle may not drive, or cause to be driven, a motor vehicle by keeping passengers in other parts of the motor
vehicle except on the seats built for passengers, in the case of a motor vehicle plying on a long and medium route and by keeping passengers in other parts except on the seats built for passengers and inner parts, in the
case of a motor vehicle plying on a local route.
124. Prohibition on activity causing obstruction to driver: No one shall obstruct the driver by placing goods or standing beside the driver cabin in such a manner as to directly or indirectly affect the driver or behaving in any
other manner causing obstruction to the driver.
125. Prohibition on causing obstruction to traffic: No goods or motor vehicles shall be kept or stationed in any public place in such a manner as to cause obstruction to the traffic of human beings or motor vehicles.
Provided that, if owing to a special circumstance, it is necessary to keep any goods at a public place for some time, an intimation thereof must  be given to the nearest police office and approval of that office must be obtained.
126. Warning signs to be placed while digging pit at public place: (1) While digging a pit at a public place for a specific reason, a prior approval of the nearest police office must be obtained.
(2) While granting approval to dig a pit at any public place pursuant to Sub-section (1), the nearest police office shall cause warning signs to be so placed as to avoid an accident at that place.
127. Warning signs required to be placed on motor vehicle: Warning signs must be placed visibly on a cargo public motor vehicle that is engaged in the carriage of hazardous cargo of any kind in such a manner that other motor
vehicles and the general public come to know that the motor vehicle contains such goods.
128. Prohibition on route diversion of motor vehicle and taking passenger hostage: (1) No one shall intimidate, show fear or use any kind of force, or cause to do so, to the driver, while driving a motor vehicle on the scheduled
route, to divert the motor vehicle to another route.
(2) No one shall take any person travelling in a motor vehicle as hostage and make any kind of demand for the release of such a motor vehicle or the person held as hostage.
129. Prohibition to causing loss and damage to passenger and motor vehicle involved in accident: No one shall manhandle any passenger and any person serving in a motor vehicle who are injured or dead in an accident occurred to the motor vehicle or misappropriate or snatch away their belongings or to cause any loss or damage to them by any means.
130. Use of seat-belt and helmet during driving:

(1) While driving a motor vehicle as prescribed, the driver and a person seated on the front seat of the
motor vehicle shall use the seat-belt.
(2) While driving a motor-cycle or similar other two wheeled motor vehicle, the driver and the pillion rider shall use helmets.
131. Showing document as and when so demanded: (1) A driver shall show the driving license if the police or transport inspector wishes to examine it in the course of inquiry.
(2) If the police or transport inspector wishes to examine the registration certificate of a motor vehicle or route permit of a public motor  vehicle in course of inquiry, the driver of the motor vehicle, owner or
manager of motor vehicle shall show the registration certificate or route permit.
132. Stoppage of vehicle: A driver shall stop the motor vehicle which he or she is driving and shall keep it stand-still for an appropriate period as may be necessary if:
(a) the police or transport inspector gives a signal or order to stop the motor vehicle;
(b) a person that is in charge of an animal for the time being gives a signal or makes a request to stop the motor vehicle owing to the possibility that the animal may be shocked or frightened and thereby
become out of control;
(c) an accident has occurred to a motor vehicle, causing loss of life of any human being or animal or of property; or
(d) pedestrians are crossing the road at zebra-crossing or traffic lights at the inter-section of two or four cross roads are signaling to stop.
133. Duty of driver in case of accident: (1) If an accident is caused by a motor vehicle, causing any danger to the body of or injury to a person, the driver, conductor, security personnel of, or other employee working in, the motor
vehicle shall immediately make necessary arrangement for the treatment of that person.
(2) In the event of the absence of police personnel at the place where the motor vehicle has met accident as mentioned in Sub-section (1), the  driver shall immediately report to the nearest police office, with information
and particulars of the accident. If any police personnel enquire the concerned driver of any matter connected with the accident, the driver shall answer all matters asked.
134. Inspection of motor vehicle involved in accident: If, for the purpose of inquiry into an accident, the concerned police thinks it necessary to inspect a motor vehicle that has caused, or has been involved in, the accident, the
police may make such inspection by requiring the production of the motor  vehicle before him or her or by visiting the place where the motor vehicle is present.
135. Driving motor vehicle on left-side: (1) While driving a motor vehicle at any public place, the driver shall keep driving on the left side of the road in any place other than the prescribed place.
(2) If it is required to overtake a motor vehicle plying at the front, the motor vehicle at the rear must give a signal and overtake from the right side only after the driver of that motor vehicle has signaled to overtake. If the
motor vehicle at the rear gives such a signal to overtake, the motor vehicle at the front must, having regard to the prevailing conditions, give a signal to overtake it.
136. Walking on the pavement: A pedestrian shall walk only on the pavement of a road wherever it exists. While walking on a road that does not have such pavement, a pedestrian shall walk keeping himself or herself at the edge of
the road.
137. Crossing road at designated places: While crossing a road, a pedestrian shall do so only at the zebra-crossing, sub-way, overhead bridge or at the places designated for road-crossing.
138. Prohibition on straying of domestic animal: No one shall stray a domestic animal at a public place in such a way as to cause obstruction to the traffic of motor vehicles or human beings.
139. Information to be given: (1) The owner of a motor vehicle shall provideany such information as may be demanded by the competent authority, transport inspector or police in respect of that motor vehicle.
(2) If the information demanded pursuant to Sub-section (1) relates to a public motor vehicle or its driver, conductor, security personnel or any employee working in that motor vehicle, the owner or manager of that motor
vehicle shall give the information so demanded to the competent authority,
transport inspector or police.
140. Mobile inspector: (1) The police or transport inspector may, as and when necessary, carry out mobile inspection in order to inspect whether the provisions of this Act or the Rules framed hereunder are being observed or
not.
(2) If, in carrying out a mobile inspection pursuant to Sub-section (1), the police or transport inspector observes that any act as set forth in Section 164 is being committed, the police or transport inspector may immediately
punish the person who commits such act with the punishment set forth in that Section.
141. Prohibition on transferring driving license by driver to other person: No driver shall transfer his or her driving license to another person for driving a motor vehicle.
142. Prohibition on consuming liquor or other narcotic Substance: No driver shall consume any liquor or narcotic substance of any kind while driving a motor vehicle.
143. To turn on light while driving motor vehicle at night: While driving a motor vehicle at night or during fogs, the light of the vehicle must be turned on.
144. Prohibition on driving motor vehicle in bad condition: A motor vehicle whose condition is not good because of any of its spare parts being out of order must not be driven.

145. Rendering necessary assistance: A motor vehicle must render necessary assistance to any motor vehicle involved in an accident or the passengers remaining in that motor vehicle.

146. Publicity to be made or cause to be made: The Department shall make necessary arrangements from time to time for broadcasting programs relating to traffic signs through various means of communication for the purpose of
giving information of traffic signs to the general public in order to prevent motor vehicle accidents.

147. Prohibition on driving motor vehicle recklessly: No driver shall drive a motor vehicle recklessly.

Chapter-8   Provisions relating to insurance
148. Insurance of motor vehicle to be made:

(1) The owner or manager of a motor vehicle shall procure such insurance of each motor vehicle as may be
prescribed.
(2) The registration certificate of a motor vehicle which has not been insured pursuant to Sub-section (1) must not be renewed, and if that motor  vehicle is a public motor vehicle, that motor vehicle must not be enlisted for
the operation of the transport service and the route permit must not be issued.

149. Insurance of driver, conductor, security personnel and other employee:
(1) The owner or manager of a motor vehicle shall procure personal accident insurance in such a sum as prescribed in favor of the driver, conductor and security personnel of, and other employees serving in, each public motor
vehicle that is involved in operation of the transport service.
(2) If a driver, conductor, security personnel or other employee dies or becomes disabled in an accident of the motor vehicle, he or she himself or his or her nearest successor is entitled to the insured amount payable for that.
(3) If, in the course of operating the transport service without procuring insurance of the driver, conductor and security personnel pursuant to Sub-section (1), a public motor vehicle meets with an accident and any
kind of loss or damage is caused to them due to the accident, the owner or manager of the motor vehicle shall pay the insurance amount as set forth in Sub-section (1) to which they are entitled to them or their successors as
compensation.

150. Insurance of passenger:

(1) The owner or manager of a motor vehicle operating the transport service on any prescribed route shall procure personal accident insurance in such amount as may be prescribed in favor of each passenger travelling in that motor vehicle.
(2) If a passenger becomes disabled in a motor vehicle accident, the passenger is entitled to the amount of accident insurance payable for the disability, and if the passenger dies in the accident, his or her nearest successor is entitled to such amount of insurance as may be payable for the same.
(3) If, in the course of operating the transport service without procuring insurance of a passenger pursuant to Sub-section (1), a public motor vehicle meets with an accident, and any kind of loss or damage is
caused to the passenger travelling by the motor vehicle due to the accident, the owner or manager of the motor vehicle shall pay the insurance amount as set forth in Sub-section (1) to which the passenger is entitled to the passenger or his or her successor as compensation.
151. Insurance of passenger luggage:

(1) The owner or manager of motor vehicle operating the transport service on any specified route shall have to
procure the insurance of passenger luggage of each passenger traveling by the motor vehicle in such amount as may be prescribed.
(2)The owner or manager of motor vehicle shall not be liable to any amount of compensation claimed in excess of the amount of insurance procured pursuant to Sub-section (1) in the event of loss or destroy of such
luggage due to any cause irrespective of the actual value of the luggage.
(3) If in operating the transport service by any public motor vehicle without procuring the insurance of passenger luggage pursuant to Sub- section (1), the owner or manager of motor vehicle shall pay the insurance
amount as set forth in Sub-section (1), the owner or manager of motor vehicle shall pay the insurance amount as set forth in Sub-section (1) to which the passenger is entitled in the event of loss or destroy of any passenger luggage to the passenger or his or her successor as compensation.

152. Third party insurance:

(1) The owner or manager of a motor vehicle shall procure a third party insurance of such amount as may be prescribed for the purpose of providing compensation against a loss, if any, caused to a third party or any property belonging to the third party in any manner due to the motor vehicle accident.
(2) If a motor vehicle accident results in a loss to a third party or any property belonging to the third party, the third party or his or her successor is entitled to the amount referred to in Sub-section (1) for compensation against
the loss.
(3) If a motor vehicle plied without procuring the third party insurance or comprehensive insurance pursuant to Sub-section (1) meets with an accident thereby resulting in a loss or damage to any third party or his or her
property, the owner or manager of motor vehicle shall pay the insurance  amount as set forth in Sub-section (1) to which the third party or his or her successor is entitled for such a loss or damage to him or her or his or her
successor as compensation.

Chapter-9 Functions, duties and powers
153. Functions, duties and powers of Department: The functions, duties and powers of the Department shall be as follows:
(a) To determine policies as required on operation of the transport service upon conducting, or causing to be conducted, study and research works on financial and technical aspects thereof, for operation of the
transport service in an organized and effective manner;
(b) To give necessary direction to the persons, firms, companies or organizations related with the transport service for the systematic management and development of transport;
(c) To prescribe the priority of the carriage of goods as per necessity, and give necessary direction to the persons, firms, companies or organizations related with the transport service for the carriage of goods in accordance with that priority;
(d) To determine routes, as per necessity, for the operation of the transport service, having regard to the pressure of passengers and determine the fares of public motor vehicles plying on the routes;
(e) To make arrangements for installing traffic signals at public places in accordance with international practices;
(f) To determine speed and weight of a motor vehicle and the number of passengers to be seated in a motor vehicle;
(g) To prepare and determine necessary criteria of tests to be conducted on mechanical condition and status of motor vehicles;
(h) To prescribe subjects and methods of examination to be given to drivers; and (i) To perform such other functions as may be necessary for the consolidation of the transport service.

154. Transport management committee: There shall be formed a transport management committee consisting of the following members in order to systematically operate the public motor vehicles plying in each area:
(a) Chief District Officer (of the district where the Transport Management Office is located) -Chairperson
(b) Chief, District Police Office – Member
(c) One representative of transport entrepreneurs -Member
(d) One representative of transport labors -Member
(e) Chief, Transport Management Office -Member secretary

155. Functions, duties and powers of transport management committee: The functions, duties and powers of the transport management committee shall be as follows:
(a) To engage public motor vehicles in operating the transport service in order to operate the transport service within its area in an uninterrupted manner;
(b) In the event of necessity, to fix a route for a certain period at a place where a route is not fixed within its area for the operation of the transport service on that route, to fix a temporary route and make a recommendation to the Department for the fixation of fares of the public motor vehicles plying on that route;
(c) To inspect, or cause to be inspected, whether the public motor vehicles are operating the transport service within its area upon obtaining the route permit and have renewed the permit from time to time;
(d) To inspect, or cause to be inspected, from time to time, whether the  public motor vehicles plying within its area have undergone the road tests from time to time and whether they have provided the regular
transport service subject to this Act or the Rules framed hereunder;
(e) To conduct study on matters including the pressure of passengers and the number of motor vehicles within its area, and if it appears necessary to operate the transport service at any place, to make
recommendation to the Department for the determination of a route at that place; and
(f) To perform such other functions as may be necessary for the smooth operation of transport service within its area.

156. Examination committee:

(1) There shall be formed an examination committee consisting of the following members to give examination
pursuant to Section 49, in order to ascertain whether a person who makes an application for the driving license has the ability to drive the motor vehicle.
(a) Chief, Transport Management Office -Chairperson
(b) A police officer designated by the Government of Nepal -Member
(c) An expert designated by the Government of Nepal -Member
(2) The committee referred to in Sub-section (1) shall give examination to the persons who make application for the driving license and recommend the successful candidates to the competent authority for issuing the driving license.
(3) The committee referred to in Sub-section (1) shall hold its meetings as and when necessary as determined by the committee.
(4) The subjects and methods of examination of drivers to be given by the committee referred to in Sub-section (1) shall be as prescribed by the Department.

157. Appointment of transport inspector: The Government of Nepal may appoint a transport inspector to inspect whether the motor vehicles are being driven subject to the provisions of this Act or the Rules framed hereunder
and whether the public motor vehicles that are engaged in the transport service have fulfilled such terms as required to be fulfilled under this Act or the Rules framed hereunder.

158. Functions, duties and powers of transport inspector: The functions, duties and powers of the transport inspector shall be as follows:
(a) To inspect whether or not a public motor vehicle that is engaged in the transport service is operating the transport service on the route for which it has obtained the route permit;
(b) To inspect whether or not a public motor vehicle that is engaged in the transport service loads passengers and goods subject to the determined seats and weight capacity;
(c) To check whether or not a motor vehicle that is engaged in the transport service has undergone such road test from time to time as required to be undergone pursuant to this Act and whether the transport service so operated is listed;
(d) To check the driving license, conductor license and passenger manifesto and verify the fares charged to the passengers against the passenger tickets in order to check whether or not the fares are collected according to the prescribed fares, and to inspect whether or  not the motor vehicles are driven at the determined speed; and
(e) To inspect, from time to time, whether the drivers, conductors, owners or managers of motor vehicles have complied with the provisions of this Act or the Rules framed hereunder.

159. License to be obtained to operate training center, factory and workshop:
(1) A person, firm, company or organization intending to run a training activity for driving any kind of motor vehicle or to operate a driving training center or a factory for construction of bodies of buses or trucks or an
automobile workshop shall obtain a license from the Department.
(2) A person intending to obtain the license as referred to in Sub- section (1) shall make an application in such form and accompanied by such fees as may be prescribed to the Department.
(3) If an application is made pursuant to Sub-section (2), the  Department may, upon inquiring into whether or not the person, firm, company or organization who has made the application is capable of operating the training center, factory or workshop intended to be so operated, issue the license for the operation of that training center, factory or workshop, as the case may be.

Chapter – 10 Provisions relating to punishment
160. Punishment:

(1) The competent authority shall punish a person who drives or causes another person to drive a motor vehicle displaying a number or number plate other than the actual number or number-plate as indicated in
the registration certificate with imprisonment for a term not exceeding Six months or with a fine from Five Thousand to Fifteen Thousand Rupees, along with the confiscation of that motor vehicle.
(2) The competent authority may punish a person who commits, or causes the commission of, the following act with the following fine:
(a) A fine from Five Hundred to Two Thousand Rupees, in the case of a person who commits, or causes the
commission of, an act in contravention of Sections 12 , 45 or 117.
(b) A fine from One Thousand to Five Thousand Rupees, in the case of a person who commits, or causes the
commission of, an act in contravention of Sections 14 , 29, 39, 75, 93, 96, 125 or 129.
(c) A fine from Two Thousand to Ten Thousand Rupees, in the case of a person who commits, or causes the
commission of, an act in contravention of Section 159.
(3) The competent authority may punish a person who commits, or causes the commission of, an act in contravention of this Act or the Rules made or orders issued hereunder, except as provided in Sub-section (1) or
(2), with a fine from Two Hundred to One Thousand Rupees.
(4) The court may sentence a person who commits, or causes the commission of, an act in contravention of Section 128 to punishment of a fine not exceeding Twenty Five Thousand Rupees or imprisonment for a
term not exceeding Five years or both punishments and order the payment of appropriate compensation by that offender to the person who has suffered loss and damage.
(5) The court may sentence a person who commits, or causes the commission of, an act in contravention of Section 165 to punishment of a fine of One Thousand Rupees or imprisonment for a term not exceeding One
year or both punishments and order the payment of appropriate compensation by that offender to the person who has suffered loss and damage.
161. ? Punishment in the event of death: (1) If a person driving a motor vehicle runs over or knocks down any person or causes a motor vehicle accident in any manner and that person who is inside the motor vehicle or in any place
outside the motor vehicle dies immediately or within the period set forth in the Chapter on Homicide of the General Code (Muluki Ain) as a result of that accident, and if such act is committed with intention to kill that person, the
person driving the motor vehicle shall be punished with a sentence of life- imprisonment along with confiscation of his or her entire property. If, despite the commission of such act with intention to kill, the victim survives death,
the person driving the motor vehicle shall be punished with imprisonment for a term from Five years to Twelve years, according to the gravity of offence.
(2) If a person driving a motor vehicle runs over or knocks down any person or causes a motor vehicle accident in any manner and that person who is inside the motor vehicle or in any place outside the motor vehicle dies
immediately or within the period set forth in the Chapter on Homicide of the General Code (Muluki Ain) as a result of that accident, and despite that such act has not been committed with intention to kill that person, the fact that
motor vehicle accident has taken place due to the fact that the person has driven the motor vehicle knowingly or recklessly that such a driving of motor vehicle is likely to result in the death of any person, the person driving
the motor vehicle shall be punished with imprisonment for term of Two years to Ten years, according to the gravity of offence.
(3) If a person while driving a motor vehicle in a circumstance where it does not appear likely to result in the death of any one meets with an accident resulting in the death of a person who is inside the motor vehicle or
in any place outside the motor vehicle, the person driving the motor vehicle shall be punished with imprisonment for term not exceeding One year or a fine not exceeding Two Thousand Rupees or with both punishments.
(4) If a person who does not hold the driving license drives a motor vehicle and thereby commits any offence referred to in Sub-section (1) or (2), that person shall be punished with an additional fine of Two Thousand
Rupees, in addition to the punishment to which that person is liable under that Sub-section.
Provided that, the additional fine shall not be imposed if the offence is punishable with life imprisonment, along with confiscation of property.
(5) If the owner of a motor vehicle or a person in charge of a motor vehicle permits the motor vehicle to be driven by a person who does not hold the driving license and the motor vehicle runs over or hits a person or meets
with an accident and consequently that person dies, the person who so permits that motor vehicle to be driven shall be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding Two years.
162. ? Punishment in the event of disablement: (1) If a motor vehicle driven by a person runs over or hits a person or meets with an accident and a person who is inside the motor vehicle or in any place outside the motor vehicle
becomes disabled as a result of that accident and such act is committed with mala fide intention, the person so driving the motor vehicle shall be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding Eight years and with a fine not exceeding Ten Thousand Rupees if such disablement is either blindness or impotency. In the event of disability of any organ other that these two deformities, the offender shall be punished with imprisonment for a tern not
exceeding Eight years and with a fine not exceeding Five Thousand Rupees; and in the event of disability of only one organ out of the two existing organs having similar functions in the body, half the punishment referred to in
above shall be imposed. If such defectiveness becomes cured and functional, the person so driving the motor vehicle shall be punished with a fine of Five Thousand Rupees.
(2) If a person who does not hold the driving license drives a motor vehicle and thereby commits any offence referred to in Sub-section (1), that person shall be punished with an additional fine of Five Thousand Rupees, in
addition to the punishment to which that person is liable under that Sub- section.
(3) If the owner of a motor vehicle or a person in charge of a motor vehicle permits the motor vehicle to be driven by a person who does not hold the driving license and the motor vehicle runs over or hits a person or meets
with an accident and consequently a person who is inside the motor vehicle or in any place outside the motor vehicle becomes disabled, the person who so permits that motor vehicle to be driven shall be punished with a fine of
Two Thousand Rupees.
163. Payment of medical expenses, obsequies expenses and compensation: (1) If any kind of loss or damage is caused to any party by a motor vehicle accident, the following amount shall be caused to be paid as medical
expenses and compensation by the driver or owner or manager of the motor vehicle to the victim:
(a) In the case of death, Ten Thousand Rupees as obsequies expenses and an amount equivalent to personal
accidents insurance to which the third party is entitled pursuant to this Act if no third party insurance has been
procured, as compensation to the successor of the deceased;
(b) In the case of disablement which is not functional despite being cured, an amount equivalent to personal
accidents insurance to which the third party is entitled pursuant to this Act for disablement if no third party
insurance has been procured for compensation against the disablement, and Five Thousand Rupees as medical
expenses if such organ is functional.
(2) The Chief District Officer ? shall immediately cause the amount of obsequies expenses and compensation to be paid to the successor of the deceased in the event of death of that person in a motor vehicle accident and
the amount of medical expenses to be paid to the person who sustains disablement in the accident by the driver, owner or manager of the motor vehicle pursuant to Sub-section (1).
(3) If, expect as provided in Sub-section (1), a driver drives a motor vehicle in contravention of this Act or the Rules framed or orders issued hereunder and the motor vehicle meets with an accident resulting injury to
any person, the Chief District Officer ? shall immediately cause the driver, owner or manager of the motor vehicle to pay a sum of Two Thousand Rupees, as medical expenses, to that person, having regard to the existing
condition of injury. If the person so injured becomes entitled to compensation of a larger amount subsequently, that person shall be paid only the residual amount after deducting the medical expenses so paid earlier.
(4) Notwithstanding anything contained above in this Section, the driver shall not be required to pay more than five percent of the total amount of medical expenses, obsequies expenses and compensation payable under
this Section.

(5) If the driver is required to pay the amount of medical exp enses, obsequies expenses and compensation required to be paid pursuant to Sub section (1) or (2) but the driver is unable to make such payment and such
amount is not recovered even from the attachment of his or her property made in accordance with the laws in force, the amount which is not so recoverable shall be recovered from the fine realized from him or her.
(6) ⊗ Payment of insurance amount for compensation to be borne by an insurance company in accordance with the provisions set forth in this Section shall be caused to be made as soon as possible.
164. Power to transport inspector or police to impose fine on the spot: (1) Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Act, the transport inspector or a police officer not lower than the rank of sub-inspector of
police may punish on the spot a person who commits the following offence for the first instance with a fine of Twenty Five Rupees to Fifty Rupees, a person who commits the following offence for the second instance with a
fine of Fifty Rupees to One Hundred Rupees and a person who commits the following offence for the third instance or more with a fine of One Hundred Rupees to two hundred rupees:
(a) Driving a motor vehicle contravening the traffic signs or  signals;
(b) Standing a motor vehicle at such place or time as may be prohibited for such standing;
(c) Turning a motor vehicle or using sound-signal at a place
where such turning or sound-signal is prohibited;
(d) Driving a motor vehicle on the wrong side of a road;
(e) Driving a motor vehicle from the opposite side on a one-way road;
(f) Driving a motor vehicle of unworthy condition;
(g) Driving a motor vehicle in excess of the determined speed;
(h) Driving a motor vehicle at night without turning lights on;
(i) Driving a motor vehicle after consumption of liquors;
(j) Parking a motor vehicle at a public place in such a way as to cause obstruction to others;
(k) Driving a motor vehicle at a place or hour prohibited for such driving;
(l) Driving a motor vehicle without a number-plate;
(m) Driving a motor vehicle of which weight is more than the determined weight at a place for which the limit of
weight of a motor vehicle is determined;
(n) Driving a motor vehicle without fastening the seat-belt or without using the helmet;
(o) In the event of determination of the number of people to be seated or kept in or the weight of goods to be loaded
in a motor vehicle, driving a motor vehicle carrying passengers or goods exceeding such determined number
or weight;
(p) Refusing to accept a passenger by the driver of a public motor vehicle;
(q) Driving a motor vehicle by charging fares at a rate exceeding the fixed rate of fares;
(r) Driving a motor vehicle recklessly;
(s) Driving a public motor vehicle without obtaining the route permit; or
(t) Driving a motor vehicle without possessing the driving license.
(2) If any person is unable to pay the amount of fine imposed on the spot by the transport inspector or police pursuant to Sub-section (1), the transport inspector or police shall give a traffic-ticket to that person,
requiring him or her to pay such amount to the concerned police office or competent authority within a period of Twenty Four hours.
(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in Sub-section (1), even though a police officer not lower than the rank of sub-inspector of police is not present for the time being on the spot to punish a person at a time when
that person commits an offence as referred to in Sub-section (1), any police personnel present on the spot shall give a traffic-ticket to the offender of that offence specifying the kind of offence committed by him or her and
requiring him or her to pay the amount of fine imposable on him or her for that offence to the concerned police office within a period of twenty four hours.
(4) While issuing a traffic-ticket referred to in Sub-section (2) or (3), the recipient of the traffic-ticket shall also be caused to sign its duplicate copy.
(5) If the concerned person fails to pay the amount of fine to the competent authority or the concerned police office within the period referred to in Sub-section (2) or (3), the competent authority may punish that person
with a fine not exceeding one thousand rupees and suspend the driving license if that person is a driver or the route permit if that person is the owner or manager of a motor vehicle or the license obtained by them to operate the
transport service for a period not exceeding one month. ? (6) ⊗ In the event of failure to pay the amount of fine even within the period of suspension made pursuant to Sub-section (5), the competent authority may revoke that driving license, route permit or license obtained to operate the transport service, as the case may be.

Chapter-11 Miscellaneous
165. Prohibition on causing loss or damage: No one shall commit, or cause the commission of, any act of physical assault upon the driver, conductor, security personnel, other employee and passenger of a motor vehicle, holding
up, destructing the motor vehicle or otherwise causing any loss or damage to the motor vehicle or to any person travelling or goods loaded in the motor vehicle.

166. Payment required to be made by owner or manager of motor vehicle:
Except where a driver has contravened the provisions of this Act or the Rules framed or orders issued hereunder recklessly or with mala-fide intention, the owner or manager of motor vehicle concerned shall make payment of such
amount of fine, medical expenses, obsequies expenses or compensation as required to be paid by the driver pursuant to this Act.

167. Exemption from punishment: In a case where any loss or damage is caused by an accident that is resulted from a circumstance beyond the control of the driver of a motor vehicle on any conditions other those set forth in Sections
161 and 162, the driver of that motor vehicle shall not be subject to any punishment.

168. Operation of transport service in competitive manner: ? Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Act, no license shall be so issued as to allow the operation of transport service by public motor vehicles under the
queue system, for the purpose of developing the transport business in a healthy competitive manner.

169. Power to give direction: The Government of Nepal, Department or Proviso has been deleted by Public Procurement Act, 2049.  competent authority may give necessary direction to transport entrepreneurs
to make the transportation business effective and to make the transport service simple and easily available. It shall be the duty of the transport entrepreneurs to abide by the direction so given.

170. Delegation of authority: The Department or competent authority may, as  required, delegate any or all of the powers conferred to the Department or competent authority under this Act to any committee, official, transport
inspector or police.

171. Appeal:

(1) An appeal may be made in the Department against a decision or order of punishment made by the competent authority, police or transport inspector in accordance with this Act.
(2) An appeal may be made in the Court of Appeal against a decision or order made by the Department in accordance with this Act.

172. ? Limitation for filing complaint and period for making appeal:

(1) A complaint must be made in relation to an offense under Section 161 within the period set forth in the Chapter on Homicide of the General Code (Muluki Ain), in relation to an offense under Section 162 within the period set forth in the Chapter on Battery of the General Code (Muluki Ain) and in relation to the other offenses under this Act within thirty days after the date of commission thereof.
(2) An appeal must be made in relation to the offenses under this Act, other than the offenses under Sections 161 and 162, within a period of thirty five days after the date of receipt of information of the decision or order.

173. Duty to render assistance: If the competent authority or transport inspector seeks any kind of assistance in the course of implementation of this Act or the Rules made or orders issued hereunder, it shall be the duty of all the
concerned including the police to render such assistance.

174. Observation of Act by driver of other motor vehicle: If it is not required by this Act to obtain a driving license to drive any motor vehicle or any motor vehicle which need not to be registered pursuant to this Act, the driver
of such a motor vehicle shall observe the traffic signs as established by this Act or the Rules framed or orders made hereunder.

175. Saving of act done in good faith: The competent authority or the committee, official, transport inspector, police employee or other concerned employee whom the authority has delegated powers to shall not be
personally liable for any act done by him/her if it is done in good faith while carrying out own duties.

176. Special powers: Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Act, the Government of Nepal may exempt the application of any provision of this Act in respect of any vehicle for the prescribed period.

176A. ⊗ Government to be the Plaintiff: A case falling under Sections 161 and 162 shall be a Government case and the case shall be deemed to be included in Schedule-1 of the State Cases Act, 1991.

177. Power to remove difficulty: If there arises a difficulty in the course of implementation of this Act, the Government of Nepal may remove the difficulty by issuing an order upon a notification in the Nepal Gazette.

178. Power to make alteration in Schedules: The Government of Nepal may, by a notification in the Nepal Gazette, make necessary alteration in the Schedules.

179. Power to frame Rules: The Government of Nepal may frame necessary Rules for the accomplishment of the objects of this Act.

180. Repeal and saving:

(1) The following Acts are hereby repealed:
(a) The Motor Vehicles Act, 1963.
(b) The National Transport Management Act, 1969.
(2) All acts or actions done or taken pursuant to the Acts referred to in
Sub-section (1) shall be deemed to have been done or taken under this Act.

Schedule-1
(Relating to Sections 3, 4 and 5)
Classification of Motor Vehicles
Clause (a):
Heavy motor vehicles (relating to Section 3):
Bus, truck, tractor, fire brigade, dozer, loader, dumper, crane, roller, etc.
Clause (b):
Medium motor vehicles (relating to Section 4):
Minibus, mini-truck, jeep, pick-up, van, crane, tractor, roller, etc.
Clause (c):
Light motor vehicles (relating to Section 5):
Car, jeep, van, pick-up, motor cycle, scooter, tempo, power tiller, etc.

Schedule-2
(Relating to Sections 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and11)
Number Plate of Motor Vehicle
Clause (a):
Public motor vehicle (relating to Sub-section (5) of Section 6):
It must be in white figures and letters on a black plate.
Provided that, from now-onwards, the number plate of a tempo and
micro-bus registered with the Bagmati Zone and to be plied within and
outside the ring road of the Kathmandu Valley must be in black figures and
letters on a white plate. 2
Clause (b):
Tourist motor vehicle (relating to Sub-section (2) of Section 7):
It must be in white figures and letters on a green plate.
Clause (c):
Private motor vehicle (relating to Sub-section (3) of Section 8):
It must be in white figures and letters on a red plate.
Clause (d):
Government motor vehicle (relating to Sub-section (2) of Section 9):
It must be in red figures and letters on a white plate.
Clause (e):
Motor vehicle of a body corporate or corporation (relating to Sub-section (2)
of Section 10):
It must be in green figures and letters on a yellow plate.
1 The Schedule itself altered by the notice published in the Nepal Gazette dated 20 September 1999.
2 The proviso inserted by the notice published in the Nepal Gazette dated 19 October 2000.
70 Clause (f):
Diplomatic motor vehicle (relating to Sub-section (2) of Section 11):
It must be in white figures and letters on a blue plate.
Note:
1. The upper and lower half part of the number plate of motor vehicle carrying
the Prime Minister, Chief Justice, Speaker of the House of Representatives,
Chairperson of the National Assembly or member of the Council of
Ministers must be in white figures and letters on the blue background.
2. The size of a number plate of every kind of heavy or medium motor vehicle
must be 14″ x 8″, that of a four-wheel motor vehicle out of light motor
vehicles must be12″ x 7″, that of a three-wheel tempo etc. must be 10″ x 7″
and that of two-wheel motor cycle, scooter etc. must be 8″ x 5″.
3. The height and breadth of figures and letters in which the number plate of a
heavy motor vehicle and of a medium motor vehicle is written must be three-
inch and ½ inch, that of a four-wheel and three-wheel tempo etc., out of the
light motor vehicles, must be two-inch and ½ inch and that of a motor cycle,
scooter etc. must be two-inch and 3/8 inch, respectively.
4. The number plate of a motor vehicle must be written in figures and letters
leaving ½ inch (1/4 inch in the case of the number plate of a motor cycle,
scooter, etc.) on all the four sides of the number place. The distance between
the figures and letters must be at least ¼ inch and that between the upper and
lower lines must be at least ½ inch.

Schedule-3
(Relating to Section 16)
Form of motor vehicle registration certificate
Government of Nepal
Ministry of Works and Transport
Department of Transport Management
……………………. Transport Management Office
Motor vehicle registration number:
Type of motor vehicle:
Date of registration:
Name, surname of the owner of motor vehicle:
Address:
Signature of the owner of motor vehicle:
Signature of officer:
Photograph of the owner of motor
vehicle
Registering officer’s signature:
Date:
Date of execution of transmission:
Photograph of the owner of motor
vehicle
Name, surname and address of the owner of motor vehicle:………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………
Renewing officer’s:
Signature:

Detail description of the motor vehicle:
1. Name of the company:
2. Model of the motor vehicle (year):
3. Cylinder number:
4. Horse power (CC):
5. Chassis number:
6. Engine number:
7. Color of the motor vehicle:
8. Seat capacity (including the driver):
9. Weight:
10. Petrol/diesel:
11. Whether a radio, cassette player, telephone etc. is installed or not:
12. Name of seller company or person from whom it has been purchased:
13. Use:
14. Area to be plied in:
15. Customs proof:

Schedule-4
(Relating to Section 21)
Government of Nepal
Ministry of Works and Transport
Department of Transport Management
……………………. Transport Management Office
Ref. No.:
Dispatch No.: Branch: Date:
Reference No. and date of received letter:
Re: Provisional number.
Based on the application made by…………person/firm/company to this Office and the evidences accompanied by the application, a provisional number has been given to the motor vehicle with the following description for the prescribed period.
1. Name, surname and address of the owner of motor vehicle:
2. Provisional number given:
3. Period of provisional number:
4. Customs proof:
5. Manufacturer of motor vehicle:
6. Type of motor vehicle:
7. Cylinder number:
8. Horse power (CC):
9. Chassis number:
10. Engine number:
11. Color of motor vehicle:
12. Seat capacity (including the driver):
13. Weight:
14. Petrol/diesel:
15. Old plate number of motor vehicle

Schedule-5
(Relating to Section 67)
Conductor License

1. Name:
Citizenship certificate number:
Father/husband’s name:
Address:
This conductor license is hereby issued to you in respect of the following vehicles:
(a) Bus
(b) Minibus
(c) Truck

Government of Nepal
Ministry of Works and Transport
Department of Transport Management
……….Transport Management Office
Passport number;
Blood group:
Conductor’s signature:
2. Address:
3. Principal place of business:
4. Type of service to be operated:
5. Name, surname and designation of owner/partner/director (principal person):
6. Address:
……………. ……………….
(Principal person’s signature) (Director General’s signature)

Schedule-8
(Relating to Section 95)
(Form of license to operate transport service)
Government of Nepal
Ministry of Works and Transport

Department of Transport Management                                                                                         

Registration number:
Registration date:
This license is hereby issued to operate the following service pursuant to Section 93  of the Motor Vehicles and Transport Management Act, 1993.
(1) Name of person/firm/company:
(2) Address:
(3) Principal place of business:
(4) Type of service to be operated:
(5) Name, surname and designation of owner/partner/operator (principal person):
(6) Address:
Principal person’s signature: Director General’s signature

Schedule-9
(Relating to Section 77)

(Form of route permit)
Government of Nepal
Ministry of Works and Transport Department of Transport Management
………………Transport Management Office

Licensing authority’s:
Name:
Designation:
Signature:
Date:
Length of chassis:
Engine number:
Model:
Name and address of the manufacturing company or organization of motor vehicle:
Name and address of the body making factory:
License number:
Type of motor vehicle:
Name of the owner or manager of motor vehicle:

(Source: Nepal Law Commission)

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